Based on my own experience of keeping my Canadian-plated moto in Europe for the past 15 years, here are my answers, which are a little bit different from what Grant has written above:
1) What is most important is that you have insurance that is valid in the countries that you plan to ride your moto. There is an entire sub-forum here on the HUBB dedicated to that topic, make a coffee then go spend an hour or so browsing the
Trip Paperwork sub-forum.
Make sure your home (Canadian) driver licence is valid for the entire length of your trip, in other words, take a look at it now and see when it expires. You don't want to discover once you are overseas that it expires in a month, and you need to come back to Canada just to do a 2 minute eye test or get a new photo taken at your provincial licence office.
Don't bother getting an International Driving Permit (IDP), everyone will be able to read the English writing on your Canadian licence in the places you are going.
2) The UK is quite picky about import & export control of vehicles. In the past 20 years I have shipped my Canadian moto in and out of Europe numerous times, and the only time anyone ever recorded it going INTO Europe was when I shipped it from the USA into England.
In theory, a tourist vehicle is allowed entry free of duty as long as it is used only for tourist purposes by the tourist who imported it, and it is removed from the country when the tourist leaves the country. This means whatever you do, don't let the locals ride it, because if they are caught riding it, you will be in for a heck of a lot of duty and taxes to get it back. I made this mistake once (loaned it to a European friend for a weekend) and it cost me $2,000 in duty and taxes, and that was back in 2005!
In reality, you can leave the bike behind when you leave, but you will need to be quite discreet about it. Take the foreign (Canadian) plate off the back of it when you put it into storage.
You have less to worry about within the EC - where there is no control on vehicles crossing country borders - than in the UK, which is now an independent little place free to impose its own control and tracking on vehicles entering and leaving the country.
3) No special considerations at all for Scandinavia. If anything, you will have less to worry about there than in the UK. Just be sure to have insurance that covers you in the countries you plan to ride in. Be aware that you are only allowed to spend 90 days in the EC (the whole of the EC) in any 180 day period. The EC countries
DO track this very carefully, so don't screw up and overstay your visa-free period.
4) Cancel your Canadian moto insurance the day after you ship the bike out of the country. Your Canadian insurance is useless to you (it offers no benefits at all) outside of Canada and the USA, so it is pointless to be paying for it when your moto is outside of Canada and the USA.
I respectfully disagree with Grant's comment that you need to keep your registration (licence plate) current when you are overseas. Your "registration" of the vehicle never expires. You continue to own the vehicle even if you don't renew the plates, and your registration proves this because it contains the VIN of your vehicle. When you pay your provincial government the annual renewal fee, you are paying a tax to use the roads in your province. If your moto is overseas, there is no point in paying a Canadian road tax.
In Europe, licence plates don't have renewal (validity) stickers on them. If your plate has a validity sticker on it and that sticker will expire while you are overseas, just take a hair dryer to the sticker, warm it up, peel it off and throw it away, and your licence plate will now look like a European plate with no sticker on it. Just be aware that you will need to get a current sticker before you can ride the bike home from the Canadian airport you ship it to at the end of your grand tour.
5) Plan to
promptly pick up your moto from the European airport of arrival the same day it arrives. Airport storage fees for cargo are very high and are calculated based on the cubic space the object uses. For a motorcycle, daily storage rates will be in excess of $100 a day. You will probably get charged for one day of storage even if you pick it up an hour after the plane lands.
Have your proof of European insurance and your registration (ownership) document with you when you go to pick the bike up at the airport. Those are the only two documents that the customs people will want to see before they release the bike to you.