Yes, the tracks in Mongolia get very slippery/muddy after a rain, but it dries out fairly quickly. Same thing with river crossings. The water will rise quickly but will also come back down pretty fast after the rain stops. So if there is a hard rain that makes it difficult or dangerous to keep going, just settle down and wait a few hours (or after a very heavy rain maybe even a day or two) and it should be fine.
If it's really slippery/muddy you're much better off waiting. It's exhausting to struggle through deep mud and if you just wait until it firms up you can often blow through the same area at a good speed.
If you're really worried about a river crossing, wait until a Mongolian truck comes along and then see if they can put your bike on the truck, or even use a line to help tow you across. Most Mongolians are very willing to help out travelers on the road.
The "southern route" that you are planning to use is the best one if you are concerned about this issue. It is much less vulnerable to rain delays because it is mostly semi-desert and the soil is more sandy and absorbs water quickly and there are fewer water crossings. Plus it just gets less rain overall than the north (hence the desert).
You'll have a great time!
Scott
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