My SOP (Significant Other Pillion) and I are back from Portugal / Spain. So as to "pay it forward," I'll add to the counsel above a few bits we found particularly wonderful on our trip.
First, as we started our ride, our friends who live north of Lisbon gave us the book, "Slow Roads! Beautiful Drives through Portugal for Cars and Motorcycles" by Jorge Serpa. We found it tremendously helpful, both for road / riding info and for information about the country. Expensive to buy, but worth it, IMHO.
Our rental bike came with a GPS, and we had a couple of not-very good maps from other guide books, but I'd highly recommend a good road map of Portugal and Spain, like maybe the Michelin version, for general orientation.
The mountain roads (the best, of course!) tend to be quite narrow, wonderfully curvy, with lots of elevation changes and blind turns. If you're renting a moto as we were, I'd recommend a mid-weight bike, even if two-up. A bigger, heavier machine will be better on the big highways that you'll want to avoid, while a lighter bike will be more fun and less work to ride everywhere else.
Also, I was glad that my ex-pat friend clued me in not only on the right-of-way conventions for the zillions of roundabouts, but also the signaling conventions, with which I was unfamiliar, and which were especially helpful at the busy city roundabouts.
In keeping with sane and life-affirming "tranquillo" approach to living that we 'Muricans found so refreshing, I was amazed at the many (a majority, I think) drivers who actually go slower than posted speed limits, even on open, straight, roads. Of course, there were also a smaller number of drivers, usually in ritzy sports cars, who pass everyone Formula One style (reminiscent of Thailand).
Also, we saw very, very, few police on our trip, especially in Portugal, and it seems that few are needed, as far as we could tell.
Highly recommend a couple of mountain towns beginning with the letter "M." The roads in and out of Manteigas are absolutely a blast. There is a wonderful hotel there called Casa das Obras that has been owned by the same family for many generations. Much of the building is hundreds of years old and exquisitely beautiful and it was one of the least expensive places we stayed on our trip. Also, we had a fantastic meal at the "Queijaria Manteigas" about a five minute walk from the hotel by the river.
Same story for Mertola - great roads in and out, unbelievable views of the town and castle from a fine little 45 Euro hotel called "Quinta do Vau," and maybe the best meal of the whole trip just down the street from the hotel on a covered balcony looking over the river to the twinkling lights of the town as the castle faded into the night.
Monsanto was another "M" town we had to miss to stay ahead of weather, but it sounded well worth the ride and a visit.
We enjoyed riding all through the Alentejo region, especially on the roads through the cork forest with what we think may have been stork nests atop many of the telephone poles.
Since getting home, we watched this BBC documentary about the cork business and the Alentejo area. Good viewing before or after a Portugal ride:
https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6dv0vi
In Spain, my favorite ride was from Marbella to Ronda. Great road, phenomenal views (all the way to Gibraltar or even Morocco if the clouds / haze allow), and Ronda has an amazing gorge and good food. There is very slow bus and truck traffic on this road. Riding uphill from the coast makes it much easier to shoot past this traffic between the curves than would be the case going downhill...
Aside from riding, we found the people of Portugal and southern Spain to be completely gracious and simpatico everywhere. We did the tourist bit in Cordoba (Mezquita), and Granada (Alhambra), and were appropriately amazed. By the time we got to the cathedral in Seville, however, I'd had my fill of gargantuan edifices projecting wealth and power (if not fear and intimidation), and I found the cathedral far more grotesque than beautiful. YMMV.
Other than the riding, the people, the history, and the food, we loved flamenco dancing the best!
I could go on and on, as you can see. It was a wonderful riding and travel experience. Can't wait to return and explore further.
Thanks for all the tips above!